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以新疆准噶尔盆地南缘绿洲-荒漠交错带为研究区,研究了该区防护林与其外围自然植被的协同防风效能,进而构建了二者协同配置的优化模式。结果表明:①在有障碍物(防护林、自然植被)存在时,风表现出显著的规律性,即在0.5m和1.5m高度处,防护林与自然植被协同后对风速起到了减弱作用。对于疏透结构林带,风速的减弱程度为自然植被内部>自然植被与防护林之间>防护林外部;对于紧密结构林带,当风速较小时,风速的减弱程度为自然植被与防护林之间>自然植被内部>防护林外部。②防护林带的冠层体积(V)、单位长度林带段胸高断面积(S)、株行距(Q)与自然植被的平均高度(H)、覆盖度(C)协同后和两高度处的相对风速存在极显著相关关系,据此以编程运算得到最小相对风速下二者协同配置的优化模式,即在0.5m高度处,当V=62.1476m3、S=0.5756m2/50m、Q=5.5645m2、H=1.6889m、C=0.2878时,二者的协同防风效能达到85.07%;在1.5m高度处,当V=62.1476m3、S=0.5237m2/50m、Q=5.5645m2、H=1.8154m、C=0.3073时,二者的协同防风效能达到74.67%。对不同相对风速下二者协同配置的优化模式进行了预测。
Taking the oasis - desert ecotone in the southern margin of Junggar Basin in Xinjiang as the study area, the synergistic windbreak effectiveness of shelterbelts and its surrounding natural vegetation in the area was studied, and then an optimized model of the two was established. The results showed that: ①When there were obstacles (shelterbelts and natural vegetation), the wind showed a remarkable regularity. At the height of 0.5m and 1.5m, the shelterbelt and the natural vegetation reduced the wind speed. For the darkened forest belts, the wind speed was weakened within the natural vegetation> between the natural vegetation and the shelterbelts> outside the shelterbelts; for the densely knit forest belts, the wind speed was weakened at a smaller wind speed between the natural vegetation and the shelterbelts> within the natural vegetation > Shelter forest exterior. (2) The canopy volume (V), the thoracic-long section area (S), the plant height (Q) and the average vegetation height (H) and coverage (C) According to this, the optimization model of the two wind turbines with the minimum relative wind speed is obtained. That is, at the height of 0.5m, when V = 62.1476m3, S = 0.5756m2 / 50m and Q = 5.5645m2, At the height of 1.5m, V = 62.1476m3, S = 0.5237m2 / 50m, Q = 5.5645m2, H = 1.8154m, C = 0.3073, the synergistic windbreak efficiency of the two reached 74.67%. The optimization modes of the two configurations with different relative wind speeds are predicted.