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目的了解2014年广州市布鲁氏菌病(布病)流行特征,为预测疫情动态、制定有效的防治对策提供参考依据。方法采集疑似布病患者的静脉血3~5 m L,分离血清做虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)初筛和试管凝集试验(SAT)确认。结果共采集疑似布病患者血清样本474份,检出抗体阳性101份,总阳性率为21.3%;全年各月均能检出阳性病例,其中9―12和1―3月检出阳性数最多,分别占全年总阳性数的47.5%(48/101)和25.7%(26/101),不同月份检出阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男性阳性率为22.5%(62/275),女性阳性率为19.6%(39/199);以40~49岁年龄组阳性率最高,为27.9%(46/165),其次为50~59岁年龄组,阳性率为20.6%(21/102);职业分布中畜牧业从业人员阳性率最高,为25.0%(70/281)。结论 2014年广州市布病流行的高危人群以从事畜牧业的青壮年人群为主,流行高峰在秋冬季,今后应在流行季节加强对重点人群的布病监测。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis (brucellosis) in Guangzhou in 2014 and provide reference for predicting the epidemic situation and formulating effective prevention and control measures. Methods The venous blood of suspected brucellosis patients was collected for 3 ~ 5 m L, and the serum was separated for primary screening and tube agglutination test (SAT). Results A total of 474 serum samples were collected from patients with suspected brucellosis and 101 positive were detected, with a positive rate of 21.3%. Positive cases were detected in all months of the year, of which 9-12 and 1-3 were positive Accounting for 47.5% (48/101) and 25.7% (26/101) respectively of the total positive numbers of the whole year. The positive rates of positive samples in different months were statistically significant (P <0.01). The positive rate was 22.5% (62/275) for males and 19.6% (39/199) for females. The highest positive rate was 27.9% (46/165) for females aged 40-49 years, followed by 50-59 years The positive rate was 20.6% (21/102) in the age group. The highest positive rate was 25.0% (70/281) in the livestock distribution in occupational distribution. Conclusions In 2014, the high-risk population of brucellosis epidemic in Guangzhou is dominated by young and middle-aged population engaged in animal husbandry. The epidemic peak is in the autumn and winter, and brucellosis surveillance of key populations should be strengthened in the future.