论文部分内容阅读
建立一个对人民负责的政府是现代国家治理的核心问题。实现这一目标,需要解决两个最基本的问题:谁来使用权力?如何使用权力?选举制度是解决前一问题相对较好的制度,而预算制度是解决第二个问题最好的制度。通过历史比较分析,可以总结出三条实现政治问责的道路﹕19世纪的欧洲道路、从建国到进步时代改革的美国道路以及雏形初现的中国道路。这意味着,西方经验并不是唯一的实现政治问责的道路。相对于西方经验来说,中国20世纪80年代以来的国家转型具有极大的特殊性。尽管面临各种挑战,但一条政治问责的中国道路正在形成。
Establishing a government that is responsible to the people is the core issue of the modern state governance. To achieve this goal, we must solve two basic problems: who should use the power and how to use the power. The electoral system is a relatively better system to solve the previous problem. The budget system is the best system to solve the second problem. Through the comparative analysis of history, we can sum up three roads to political accountability: the European road in the 19th century, the U.S. road from the founding of the People’s Republic of China to the reform of the progressive era and the emerging Chinese road. This means that Western experience is not the only way to achieve political accountability. Compared with Western experience, the country’s transformation since 1980’s in China was of great particularity. Despite various challenges, a political accountability road to China is taking shape.