论文部分内容阅读
本文根据云南高海拔蔗区地形复杂，地势高低悬殊，形成的立体气候和小气候环境差异及干湿季分明，冬春干旱严重，蔗区多无灌溉条件，甘蔗大生长期热量不足，冬季霜冻出现频率和大小不一，土壤瘦瘠等特殊生态条件。论述了高海拔旱地甘蔗农业生态系统的育种目标是：萌发力强，早生快发，前中期生长快，成茎率高，有效茎多，抗旱，抗病，耐寒力强，宿根性好，糖分高，早中熟的中至中大茎品种。认为通过导入新种质，扩大遗传背景，以增强后代的抗逆性，改良甘蔗的产量和糖分性状；从生态条件差异不大的蔗区引种，在不同生态型蔗区进行选育，鉴定；采用相宜耕作栽培技术，创造良好的小生态环境是选育不同生态型优良品种，实现高产、高糖、高效益的有效途径。
According to the complicated terrain and high terrain, the three-dimensional climate and microclimate environment difference and the wet-dry season formed in this paper are very complicated, the drought in winter and spring is serious, the no-irrigation conditions in sugarcane area, the lack of calorie during the growth of sugarcane and the frequency of frost in winter And different sizes, thin soils and other special ecological conditions. The objectives of breeding sugarcane agroecosystems in dryland at high altitude are: strong germination ability, quick early growth, fast growth in early and middle stages, high stalk rate, effective stalk, drought resistance, disease resistance, cold hardiness, good rooting, sugar High, early maturing medium to large stem varieties. It is considered that the introduction of new germplasm, the expansion of genetic background, to enhance the resistance of future generations, improve sugar cane yield and sugar traits; introduced from different sugarcane areas of ecological conditions, in different ecological cane breeding, identification; It is an effective way to cultivate fine varieties with different ecotypes and achieve high yield, high sugar and high efficiency by using appropriate cultivation and cultivation techniques to create a good small ecological environment.