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在甘肃河西内陆灌区连作8 a的玉米制种田上,采用田间试验方法,研究了固体活性有机肥施用量与玉米制种田理化性质和玉米经济性状及效益的关系。结果表明:固体活性有机肥最佳组合是:糠醛渣45 t/hm2、牛粪67.50 t/hm2、生物菌肥0.06 t/hm2、聚乙烯醇0.03 t/hm2、保水剂0.06 t/hm2;固体活性有机肥施用量与玉米制种田孔隙度、团粒结构、蓄水量、有机质、速效氮磷钾、EC呈正相关,与容重、pH呈负相关;随着固体活性有机肥施用量的增加,制种玉米产量在增加,但单位质量固体活性有机肥的增产量则随着固体活性有机肥施肥量的增加而递减,出现报酬递减律;固体活性有机肥施用量在112 t/hm2的基础上,再增加28.00 t/hm2,边际利润出现负值;经回归统计分析,固体活性有机肥最佳施用量为111.40 t/hm2时,制种玉米的理论产量为7.28 t/hm2。
A field experiment was conducted on maize farming continuous in the Hexi Irrigation Area of Gansu for 8 years. The relationship between the application rate of solid active organic fertilizer and the physical and chemical properties of maize farming and the economic traits and benefits of maize was studied. The results showed that the best combination of solid active organic fertilizer was: furfural residue 45 t / hm2, cow dung 67.50 t / hm2, biological fertilizer 0.06 t / hm2, polyvinyl alcohol 0.03 t / hm2, water retention agent 0.06 t / hm2; The content of active organic fertilizer was positively correlated with the porosity, aggregate structure, water storage capacity, organic matter, available NPK, EC of maize farming, negative correlation with bulk density and pH. With the increase of solid active organic fertilizer The yield of maize increased, but the yield per unit mass of solid-active organic fertilizer decreased with the increase of the amount of solid-active organic fertilizer, and the law of diminishing returns appeared. On the basis of 112 t / hm2 solid active organic fertilizer, After the increase of 28.00 t / hm2, the marginal profit shows a negative value. According to the regression statistical analysis, the optimum yield of solid active organic fertilizer is 111.40 t / hm2, and the theoretical yield of corn is 7.28 t / hm2.