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结构在长期使用中常常会产生裂纹,裂纹萌生时的尺寸一般很小,不容易被发现;当裂纹被发现时,往往已经扩展,甚至接近临界尺寸,危及结构安全.由于裂纹主要产生在结构的应变集中处,所以对“关键区域”的应变进行监测可以作为裂纹萌生的表征.传统的应变测量技术很难满足长时间、低成本、快速检测等要求.为克服传统应变传感器的缺点,本文对基于微带天线的应变测量技术进行了可行性探究.微带天线的中心频率与自身尺寸有关:当其变形时,中心频率也会发生相应的偏移.因此,可利用微带天线中心频率的变化来表征应变.本文设计和制作了四种不同尺寸的微带天线,以探究基于微带天线的应变测量技术,同时研究其影响因素.将天线黏附在悬臂梁上,并在悬臂梁自由端处施加载荷,进行应变测量实验.通过矢量网络分析仪得到回波损耗S11曲线,并获得应变与微带天线频率偏移的关系.分析结果显示,应变与中心频率偏移之间存在近似线性关系,可利用微带天线测量应变.
Cracks often appear in the long-term use of the structure, the size of the crack initiation is generally small, not easily found; when the crack is found, it has often been expanded, and even approaching the critical size, endangering the safety of the structure. Crack mainly generated in the structure Strain monitoring can be used as the indicator of crack initiation.Traditional strain measurement technology is difficult to meet the requirements of long time, low cost, rapid detection, etc. To overcome the shortcomings of traditional strain sensors, In this paper, the feasibility of the strain measurement technique based on microstrip antenna is discussed.The center frequency of microstrip antenna is related to its own size: When its deformation, the center frequency will also be offset accordingly.Therefore, the microstrip antenna center Frequency changes to characterize the strain.This paper designed and fabricated four different sizes of microstrip antennas to explore the microstrip antenna based on the strain measurement technology, and study its influencing factors.Antenna attached to the cantilever beam, and in the cantilever beam The load is applied at the free end and the strain measurement experiment is carried out.The S11 curve of the return loss is obtained by a vector network analyzer and strain and microstrip days are obtained Line frequency offset.The analysis results show that there is an approximate linear relationship between the strain and the center frequency offset, and the strain can be measured by the microstrip antenna.