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目的研究新生儿重症监护室(NICU)中高危新生儿听力障碍发生的情况,探讨与听力障碍发生有关的高危因素。方法采用畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)对NICU中高危新生儿进行听力筛查,未通过者进行复筛,复筛未通过者行听觉脑干反应(ABR)确诊检查;选取普通肺炎患儿作为对照。结果检测NICU中172例高危新生儿,初筛异常62例,占36%;复筛62例,异常10例,占16.1%;3~4月龄时行ABR检查,确诊听力障碍5例,高危新生儿听力障碍发生率为2.91%。对照组检查普通肺炎患儿52例,初筛异常3例,占5.8%;3例复筛全部通过。结论NICU中高危新生儿是听力障碍发生的高危人群,缺氧缺血性脑病、先天性CMV感染、新生儿败血症是发生听力障碍的危险因素。对高危新生儿应进行随访。
Objective To study the incidence of neonatal hearing impairment in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to explore the risk factors associated with hearing impairment. Methods Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were used to screen hearing-impaired neonates with high-risk neonates in the NICU. Non-adoptive patients were screened again. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) Control. Results A total of 172 high-risk neoplasms were detected in NICU, 62 were primary abnormalities (36%), 62 were re-screened and 10 were abnormal (16.1%). ABR was performed at 3 to 4 months of age. Five patients with hearing impairment The incidence of neonatal hearing impairment was 2.91%. In the control group, 52 cases of children with common pneumonia were examined, and 3 cases were abnormal in primary screening, accounting for 5.8%. All the 3 cases passed the screening. CONCLUSION: High-risk neonates with NICU are the high risk groups of hearing impairment. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, congenital CMV infection and neonatal sepsis are the risk factors of hearing impairment. High-risk neonates should be followed up.