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回顾了国家“八.五”项目的“稀土合金钢轨的研制”和“十.五”项目的稀土重轨钢机理研究。介绍了前者测量的研究钢性能、后者的内耗等研究和两者的相关观测结果,基于“十.五”项目的机理研究和相关的观测结果,从微观(原子)、介观(位错及其原子气团)、宏观(组织参量)等层次和上线轨承载时的应力分布方面,讨论和阐明了加稀土增强钢轨的使用硬化性,提高钢轨的耐磨和抗接触疲劳性能,以及稀土抑制钢轨的核伤、栓孔开裂和轨腰损伤等使用性能的机理。
Review of the national “eight five ” project “rare earth alloy steel rail ” and “ten five ” project of rare earth heavy rail steel mechanism research. This paper introduces the former research on the properties of the research steel, the latter’s internal friction and other related observations. Based on the mechanism research and related observations of the " Dislocation and its atomic air mass), macroscopic (organizational parameters), and the stress distribution on the upper rail, the hardenability of the rail reinforced with rare earth and the wear resistance and contact fatigue resistance of the rail are discussed and clarified. Rare earth inhibition of rail core damage, bolt hole cracking and rail damage and other performance using the mechanism.