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侗语,过去的中外语言学家,大都将它归入汉藏语系,侗傣语族或侗台语族。建国以后,才划为汉藏语系壮侗语族侗水语支,但也有的学者,至今仍然坚持前一规范。当代侗语,分为南部和北部方言,其中,各又包含3个土语,且和壮语、布依语、傣语,特别是和毛南语,仫佬语、水语有着密切的亲属关系。现谨就文献之载,和与侗语有关的吴方言,作为沉淀于这一方言的越语,与侗语作一比较,借以映证两者的族属及其历史渊源。当然在这里只能因文中之书,以上古音或中古音来断其声韵,并取其与侗语相关者而较之。至于涉及语音学诸问题,为本文所难负,故错谬难免,望识者指正。
Dong language, past Chinese and foreign linguists, most of them classified as Chinese-Tibetan language, Dong Dai language or Kam Tai language. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, it was only classified as the Dong-Shui language of the Zhuang-Dong ethnic group in the Sino-Tibetan language family. However, some scholars still insist on the former norms. Contemporary Dong language, divided into southern and northern dialects, each of which contains three languages, and Zhuang, Bouyei, Dai language, especially with the Maonan, Gelao language, has a close relatives. Now, as far as the literature is concerned, Wu dialects related to the Dong language are used as the Vietnamese language that has settled in this dialect and compared with the Dong language to reflect their ethnic origin and their historical origins. Of course, here only because of the text of the book, the ancient sound of ancient or middle-aged to break its sound, and take its related with the Dong language. As for the problems related to phonetics, this article is difficult to bear, so mistakes are unavoidable, hopeful correction.