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[目的]观察采用不同方法——脉冲Er:YAG激光照射与低速1/2号球钻、高速锥形细金刚砂针对离体牙窝沟进行处理后对窝沟封闭剂渗透能力的影响。[方法]选用因正畸需要拔除的上颌双尖牙40颗,随机分为A、B、C、D组,每组10颗。A组采用脉冲Er:YAG激光扫描式照射面窝沟,35%磷酸酸蚀后窝沟封闭;B组使用慢速1/2#球钻扩大窝沟开口后酸蚀、封闭;C组使用高速锥形细金刚砂针扩大窝沟开口后酸蚀、封闭;D组为对照组,采用传统封闭方法,使用慢速杯状毛刷清洁牙面后酸蚀、封闭。对各组离体牙进行切割后使用光学显微镜观察窝沟横截面评价窝沟封闭剂渗透程度。[结果]窝沟未充满面积与窝沟总面积比的观测结果(%):A组6.10±3.64,B组5.57±2.43,C组6.12±3.39,D组10.61±5.49。在α=0.05水平上进行snk-q检验,A、B、C组之间平均未充满面积百分比无统计学差异(P﹥0.05)。A组、B组和C组平均未充满面积比显著低于C组。[结论]在窝沟封闭操作中,脉冲Er:YAG激光照射和慢速1/2#球钻、高速锥形细金刚砂针机械扩大窝沟开口所获得的封闭剂渗透能力较传统封闭方法增强,脉冲Er:YAG激光照射可以代替慢速1/2#球钻或高速锥形细金刚砂针进行窝沟封闭前的釉质预备。
[Objective] To observe the effect of different methods - pulsed Er: YAG laser irradiation and low speed 1/2 ball drill and high speed conical fine diamond on the penetration ability of pit and fissure sealant after being treated in vitro. [Method] Forty maxillary bicuspids were selected for orthodontics and were randomly divided into groups A, B, C and D, with 10 in each group. Group A was treated with pulsed Er: YAG laser scanning irradiation of fissure fissure pit and 35% phosphoric acid etching of fissure pit. In group B, slow 1/2 pitches were used to enlarge the pit opening and acid etching, The high-speed conical fine diamond-shaped needles enlarged the opening of the pit and furrow, and then were etched and closed. In the D group, the control group was closed by the traditional method of sealing, using a slow cup-shaped brush to clean the tooth surface. After cutting the isolated teeth of each group, the fissure sealant penetration was evaluated using a light microscope. [Results] The observed results (%) of the total area of fissure fissure area and fissure area were 6.10 ± 3.64 in group A, 5.57 ± 2.43 in group B, 6.12 ± 3.39 in group C and 10.61 ± 5.49 in group D, respectively. The snk-q test was performed at the level of α = 0.05. There was no significant difference in the percentage of underfilled area between groups A, B and C (P> 0.05). The average underfill area ratio of group A, group B and group C was significantly lower than that of group C. [Conclusion] In the fissure sealant operation, the infiltration capacity of sealant obtained by pulsed Er: YAG laser irradiation and slow 1/2 # ball drill, high speed conical fine diamond rod needle enlargement was more than that of the traditional closure method, Pulsed Er: YAG laser irradiation replaces enamel preparation prior to pit and fissure sealant in slow 1/2 # or high-speed tapered diamond tools.