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目的对患者术前和输血前乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBs Ag)、丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)及梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)血液感染性指标进行检测,以预防和避免医院交叉感染及医疗纠纷的发生。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对本院2013年1月—2015年12月拟行手术、输血治疗的21 446例患者进行HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-HIV及抗-TP检测,以了解患者的感染状况。结果在21 446例患者中,ELISA法检出HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV阳性样本2 174例(10.14%);男性患者感染性指标总阳性率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且男性患者HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV单项检测阳性率高于女性;在年龄≤18岁、19~59岁和≥60岁的3个年龄段人群中,随年龄增长,3组年龄段患者感染性指标总阳性率呈增加趋势,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对患者术前、输血前进行血液感染性指标检测,可明确患者治疗前的感染状况,利于医护人员及时采取有效的预防和保护措施,且可避免医院内交叉感染和医疗纠纷的发生。
Objective To investigate the blood infection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) and syphilitic pneumococcal antibody (anti-TP) Indicators for testing to prevent and avoid hospital cross-infection and medical disputes. Methods 21 446 patients who underwent surgery and blood transfusion from January 2013 to December 2015 in our hospital were tested for anti-HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and anti-TP by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) To understand the patient’s infection. Results Among 21 446 patients, 2 174 (10.14%) of HBsAg positive samples were detected by ELISA, and the positive rate of infectious agents in male patients was higher than that of females (P <0.05). The positive rates of HBs Ag, anti-HCV, anti-TP and anti-HIV in male patients were higher than those in women. In male patients ≤18, Among age groups, with the increase of age, the total positive rate of infectious index increased in three groups of patients, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The preoperative and transfusion blood tests can detect the infection status before treatment and help the medical staff to take timely preventive and protective measures and avoid the cross infection and medical disputes in the hospital.