论文部分内容阅读
为了解火电厂粉尘危害现状和防治措施,对某大型火电厂进行职业卫生学调查,并对作业场所中的粉尘浓度进行检测以及对作业人员进行职业健康检查。结果显示,接尘作业岗位粉尘浓度合格率为89.3%(75/84),点合格率为66.3%(61/92)。输煤系统1个岗位时间加权平均浓度(TWA)超国家标准,4个点超限倍数超国家标准;该系统个体采样检测合格率为90.0%(27/30),定点采样检测合格率为61.0%(36/59)。燃烧系统3个岗位测定及22份定点煤尘和矽尘样本全部合格。除灰系统2个岗位TWA超过国家标准,2个点超限倍数超过国家标准,该系统个体采样检测合格率为83.3%(30/36),定点采样检测合格率为27.2%(3/11);除灰系统矽尘样本检测合格率为27.3%(3/11),细灰库粉尘粒径<2μm所占的比例为54.5%,对人体危害较大。2005年岗前职业健康检查及2006、2008年的在岗期间职业健康检查,均未有职业病和职业禁忌证发生。提示,该厂的粉尘危害主要存在于输送系统和除灰系统,应对粉尘危害的关键控制区域加强粉尘治理,做好个体防护。
In order to understand the status quo and prevention and control measures of dust pollution in thermal power plants, occupational hygiene investigation is conducted on a large-scale coal-fired power plant. The dust concentration in the workplace is tested and occupational health checks are performed on the workers. The results showed that dust pass job dust concentration pass rate of 89.3% (75/84), point pass rate of 66.3% (61/92). The time-weighted average concentration (TWA) of one post in the coal handling system exceeded the national standards and exceeded the national standards by 4 points. The qualified rate of individual sampling and testing was 90.0% (27/30) and 61.0 % (36/59). Burning system 3 positions were measured and 22 fixed-point coal dust and silica dust samples all qualified. Two posts of ash removal system exceeded the national standard and the limit of 2 points exceeded the national standard. The qualified rate of individual sampling and testing was 83.3% (30/36) and 27.2% (3/11) ; Ash removal system silica dust sample test pass rate of 27.3% (3/11), fine dust library dust particle size <2μm accounted for 54.5% of the proportion, on the human body more harmful. Occupational diseases and occupational contraindications have not occurred in pre-service occupational health examination in 2005 and post occupational health examination in 2006 and 2008. It is suggested that the dust hazard of the plant mainly exists in the transportation system and the ash removal system, and the dust control should be strengthened in the key control areas of the dust hazard so as to protect the individual.