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断层是地球内部气体迁移和逸出的良好通道.断层的蠕变、错动和破裂等都会引起内部气体不同程度的迁移.氢气在地表的含量较低,但在地球内部含量较高,故氢气可用来指示断层活动程度,在地震前兆观测中也多有应用.本文回顾总结断层氢气研究取得的成果,包括氢气的赋存与来源、与断层活动关系以及地震前后氢气含量变化等,根据我国断层氢气研究现状,提出了在断层氢气观测和研究上需进一步深入的问题,对更好的理解和应用断层氢气作为一种前兆观测研究具有重要的理论意义.
Faults are good channels for the migration and escape of gases inside the Earth. The creep, dislocation and rupture of the faults cause different degrees of internal gas migration. Hydrogen is low in the Earth’s surface but high in the Earth’s interior, so hydrogen Which can be used to indicate the degree of fault activity and has many applications in the observation of earthquake precursors.This paper reviews and summarizes the achievements made in the study of fault hydrogen, including the occurrence and source of hydrogen, the relationship with fault activity and the change of hydrogen content before and after the earthquake. The status quo of hydrogen research is put forward, and some problems need to be further studied in the observation and research of fault hydrogen. It is of great theoretical significance to understand and apply fault hydrogen as a precursor observation.