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［目的］探讨长期接触铅作业工人肾功能损害。［方法］选择三组接触铅作业工人（第一组为长期接铅仍在岗位的工人；第二组为长期接铅但已脱离岗位退休的工人；第三组为短期接铅的工人）和对照组同样测定血铅（Ｂ－Ｐｂ）、尿β２ －微球蛋白（Ｕ－β２－ＭＧ）、尿δ－氨基酮戊酸（Ｕ－δ－ＡＬＡ）内生肌酐清除率（ＣＣｒ）等指标。［结果］三组接铅工人的血铅浓度平均值均与对照组之间存在明显差异，第一组工人的Ｕ－β２－ＭＧ和Ｕ－δ－ＡＬＡ 浓度最高并与其他各组之间有显著性差异，而第二组与第三组此两项指标与对照组之间没有显著性差异。临床体检各组人员中均未发现有异常症状和体征。［结论］长期接触铅作业工人肾功能将受到损害，但早期的肾功能损害是可恢复的，Ｕ－β２ －ＭＧ作为肾小球早期损害指标是较为敏感的，建议将其作为接铅工人肾损控制的监护指标。
[Objective] To investigate the renal function impairment of workers exposed to lead for a long time. [Method] Three groups of workers who were exposed to lead were selected (the first group consisted of long-term workers who were still in posts; the second group were long-term workers who took lead but retired from post; the third group were workers who received lead shortly) The control group also measured blood creatinine clearance (CCr), such as blood lead (B-Pb), urinary β2-microglobulin (U-β2-MG) and urinary δ-aminolevulinic acid . [Results] There was a significant difference between the average blood lead levels of three groups of lead workers and the control group. The concentration of U-β2-MG and U-δ-ALA in the first group of workers was the highest among all the groups Significant differences, while the second group and the third group of these two indicators and the control group, there was no significant difference. Clinical examination of each group were found no abnormal symptoms and signs. [Conclusion] The renal function of workers exposed to lead for a long time will be impaired, but the early renal dysfunction is recoverable. U-β2 -MG is more sensitive as an indicator of early glomerular injury, and it is recommended to use it as a lead-in kidney Loss control guardianship indicator.