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实质性增长(EssentiaI Increasing period)是指一个经济特区或开发区,经过创立初期以内外基建投资为主的形态及项目开发后,开始立足于自身的功能开发与技术创新而获得集约增长与良好经济社会效益的阶段。实质性增长阶段是检验国家设立某一特定经济特区或开发区的预定目标,即外引内联,加速与世界经济接轨,推动国民经济整体可持续增长能否实现的关键时期,也是决定特区开发区自身兴衰成败的关键时期。 依据当代国际国内经济特区开发区的实践经验,从创立初期的形态性增长阶段,转入实质性增长阶段一般需要经过8～12年。如微电子等产业为主的韩国马山出口加工区用了9年,以加纳利国际商务中心为主要功能载体的英国伦敦码头开发区(LDDC)用了12年。深圳、珠海、厦门、汕头等我国于80年代初设立的首批经济特区一般用了10年左右。 1995年上海浦东新区国内生产总值由1994年的291.2亿元增长到411.8亿元,然而增长速度却从1993年、1994年的30.2％、28.6％放缓至22％。与此同时,在GDP构成之中,房地产开发及低技术含量的制造业之比重有较大下降;高新技术产业与金融贸易、信息产业比重急速上升。这标志着浦东开发已提前迈入实质性增长的新阶段。本文拟对浦东开发新阶段的表现特点、内在规律及对策方案进行粗浅的探讨,
Essential growth period refers to a special economic zone or development zone. After the initial formation of internal and external infrastructure investment and project development, it starts to gain intensive growth and good economy based on its own functional development and technological innovation Social benefits of the stage. The substantive phase of growth is the key period for testing the planned goal of setting up a special economic zone or zone in other parts of the country, that is, the key period for inviting the linkage and speeding up with the world economy so as to promote the overall sustainable growth of the national economy. It also determines the development of the special zone The key to the success or failure of the region itself. According to the practical experience of the current international and domestic special economic zones, from the initial phase of morphological growth to the period of substantive growth, it generally takes 8 to 12 years. For nine years, the Mashan Export Processing Zone of South Korea, such as the microelectronics industry, spent 12 years at the London Docklands Development Area (LDDC) with Canary International Business Center as the main function carrier. The first special economic zones set up by China in the early 1980s, such as Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Xiamen and Shantou, generally took about 10 years. In 1995, the GDP of Shanghai’s Pudong New Area increased from 29.12 billion yuan in 1994 to 41.18 billion yuan. However, the growth rate slowed from 30.2% and 28.6% in 1993 and 1994 to 22%. At the same time, among the GDP composition, the share of real estate development and low-tech manufacturing industries has dropped significantly. The share of hi-tech industries, financial trade and information industries has risen sharply. This marks the Pudong development has advanced a new stage of substantive growth ahead of schedule. This article intends to discuss the performance characteristics, internal rules and countermeasures of the new stage of Pudong development.