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每一种语言在表达语义方式上的内在规律,必然与该语言使用者的生存环境、生活习俗、民族心理等密切关联,因此,各种语言都会有着自身的独特性和民族性;但与此同时,由于不同语言的使用者毕竟都是人类,所以,不同的语言背后,各语言使用者的思维习惯和认知特征也一定存在某种相通性。事实上,这种文化共通性在不同语言间的各个层面都可以看得到,而其中最为突出的,莫过于词汇了。因此,运用认知语言学所提出的像似性、隐喻和转喻等理论,通过对构词理据即词源意义相通性进行揭示,完全可以加强我们对第二语言中词汇的物理与心理特征的分析和理解,这无疑对我们记忆词汇是非常有帮助的。有感于此,我们希望通过这个小栏目,用几组有代表性的英文词和汉语词(字)的比较分析,给对记忆词汇感兴趣的朋友们一些启发。
Each language’s inherent law in expressing the semantic way is bound to be closely related to the living environment, living custom and national psychology of the language user. Therefore, each language will have its own uniqueness and nationality. However, At the same time, since users in different languages are after all human beings, the thinking habit and cognitive features of different language users must have some similarities. In fact, this cultural commonality can be seen at all levels of different languages, and the most prominent of these is vocabulary. Therefore, applying the theories of resemblance, metaphor and metonymy proposed by cognitive linguistics can completely strengthen our understanding of the physical and psychological features of vocabulary in second language by revealing the conformation of etymological meaning Analysis and understanding, which undoubtedly very helpful for us to remember the vocabulary. With this feeling in mind, we hope that through this small section, we can give some friends who are interested in memory vocabulary some inspiration from comparative analysis of several representative English words and Chinese words.