论文部分内容阅读
[目的]了解青海省公众结核病防治知识、信念和行为现状,找出健康促进工作中的薄弱环节,存在的问题和障碍,提出改进意见,为今后制定结核病防治策略提供依据,为今后评价结核病防治健康教育和健康促进工作的效果提供基线资料。[方法]采用多阶段分层系统随机抽样法,在全省分别抽取城市、农业区、牧业区共6个县(区)。公众调查对象年龄在12～65岁之间的城市或农牧区常住居民,使用统一设计的调查问卷由经过培训的调查人员入户面对面询问式问卷调查,调查样本共7200人。[结果]青海省公众结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为46.38%,“咳嗽咳痰3周以上,或有咯血、血痰症状者,应怀疑得了肺结核病”信息知晓率16.23%。“肺结核病是一种严重危害人类健康的传染病”信息知晓率为34%;“国家免费为传染性肺结核病人提供抗结核病药品和主要的检查”信息知晓率为61.89%。“只要坚持正规治疗,结核病是可以治愈的”信息知晓率为58.15%。[结论]青海省公众结核病防治核心信息知晓率与《规划》的目标有较大的差距。结核病防治知识的传播和普及仍然需要从政策环境、传播方式、信息选择、社会动员、队伍建设等各方面做出更大的努力才有可能在规定的时间内实现《规划》的目标。
[Objective] To understand the status quo of public TB knowledge, beliefs and behaviors in Qinghai Province, identify the weak links, existing problems and obstacles in health promotion work, put forward suggestions for improvement and provide the basis for future strategies for preventing and treating tuberculosis, Provide baseline information on the effectiveness of health education and health promotion efforts. [Method] The random sampling method of multi-stage stratified system was used to extract 6 counties (districts) in urban, agricultural and pastoral areas respectively. Public survey respondents aged 12-65 years old residents in urban areas or farming and pastoral areas, the use of uniform design questionnaire by the trained investigators face-to-face questionnaire survey, a total sample of 7200 people. [Results] The total awareness rate of core TB prevention and control information in Qinghai Province was 46.38%. The information awareness rate of 16.23% was “suspected of having cough and expectoration for more than 3 weeks, or having hemoptysis and bloody sputum symptoms.” “Tuberculosis is a communicable disease that is seriously harmful to human health,” with a 34% awareness rate of information; and 61.89% was informed by the information that “the state provided free anti-tuberculosis drugs and major tests for infectious tuberculosis patients.” “As long as adhere to the regular treatment of tuberculosis can be cured ” 58.15% awareness of information. [Conclusion] There is a big gap between the awareness rate of core information of public tuberculosis prevention and control and the goal of “planning” in Qinghai Province. The dissemination and popularization of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge still need to make greater efforts in such aspects as policy environment, modes of communication, information selection, social mobilization and team building so that the goal of “planning” can be achieved within the stipulated time.