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目的建立适于进行腔内血管成形研究的猪髂内动脉粥样硬化狭窄模型。方法长白猪10头,体质量60～75 kg。采用血管内膜热空气损伤法损伤髂内动脉内膜,然后以高脂饲料喂养2个月。通过血脂测定、数字减影血管造影术(DSA)检查和血管内膜苏木精-伊红(HE)染色的方法评价靶血管狭窄程度和病理改变特点。结果实验动物中1头因高脂饮食后出现直肠脱垂死亡,余9头均建模成功。实验动物基础血清总胆固醇(TC)水平(1.882±0.217)mmol/L;甘油三酯(TG)水平(0.323±0.111)mmol/L;高脂饮食后血清TC水平(15.800±1.595)mmol/L;TG水平(2.704±0.368)mmol/L。DSA检查提示髂内动脉的狭窄程度≥70%;HE染色显示:血管内膜明显增厚,细胞数目减少但细胞体积增大,胞内脂质成分较少,中膜变薄,内中膜之间可见断裂现象,偶见胆固醇结晶,纤维斑块形成,粥样硬化病理改变为成熟的纤维斑块期。结论应用热空气损伤联合高脂喂养法制作猪髂内动脉粥样硬化狭窄模型,成模时间短,病变类型更接近于人类病变类型,是一种较为理想的适于进行腔内血管成形研究的动脉粥样硬化狭窄动物模型。
Objective To establish a porcine internal iliac artery atherosclerosis stenosis model suitable for the study of intraluminal angioplasty. Method Landrace 10, body weight 60 ~ 75 kg. The intima of the internal iliac artery was injured by hot air intima injury and then fed with high-fat diet for 2 months. The degree of target vascular stenosis and pathological changes were evaluated by lipofection, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and endometrial hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Results One of the experimental animals died of rectal prolapse after the high-fat diet, and the remaining 9 were modeled successfully. The levels of total cholesterol (TC) in experimental animals were (1.882 ± 0.217) mmol / L and the levels of triglyceride (TG) were 0.323 ± 0.111 mmol / L, respectively. The levels of TC in high fat diet group were 15.800 ± 1.595 mmol / L ; TG level (2.704 ± 0.368) mmol / L. DSA examination prompted the degree of internal iliac artery stenosis ≥ 70%; HE staining showed: vascular intimal thickening, the number of cells decreased but the cell volume increased, less intracellular lipid composition, the media thinning, the intima of the Occurred between the fracture phenomenon, occasionally cholesterol crystals, fibrous plaque formation, pathological changes of atherosclerosis mature plaque phase. Conclusions The model of atherosclerosis in atherosclerosis in pigs is made by hot air injury combined with high-fat diet. The modeling time is short and the type of lesions is closer to the type of human lesions. Therefore, it is an ideal model for intraluminal angioplasty Atherosclerotic stenosis in animal models.