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目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病对新生儿出生结局的影响。方法:收集100例妊娠期糖尿病产妇分娩的新生儿作为观察组,同期糖耐量正常产妇分娩的新生儿100例为对照组,分别对两组产妇分娩的新生儿出生结局进行比较。结果:观察组出生体重、新生儿出生体重指数(PI)及巨大儿的发生率比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组低血糖症、高胆红素血症的发生率比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而两组胎龄与身长的比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。虽然观察组窒息、羊水吸入综合征、呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)和足月小样儿的发生率比对照组有所升高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:妊娠期糖尿病对新生儿产生不同程度的影响,使巨大儿、新生儿低血糖症及高胆红素血症的发生率增高,而随着妊娠期糖筛查的广泛开展,目前窒息、RDS及胎儿生长受限已极少发生。
Objective: To investigate the effect of gestational diabetes on newborn birth outcomes. Methods: 100 newborns with gestational diabetes mellitus were collected as the observation group. 100 newborns with normal glucose tolerance during the same period were selected as the control group. The birth outcomes of the two groups of newborns were compared. Results: The birth weight, neonatal birth weight index (PI) and macrosomia in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.01). The incidence of hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, with significant difference (P <0.05). The two groups of gestational age and body length comparison, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Although the incidence of asphyxia, amniotic fluid aspiration syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and full-term small sample in observation group was higher than that in control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Gestational diabetes affects neonates to varying degrees, which increases the incidence of hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia in macrosomia and neonates. With the widespread screening of gestational sugar screening, the current asphyxia, RDS and fetal growth restriction have been rare.