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小麦生长期病害,不少是因种子带有病菌所引起的。因此,播前对其进行如下消毒杀菌十分必要。 1.冷浸日晒 在伏天晴天的早晨6时左右,将麦种放在凉水中浸泡5小时,中午时捞出放在阳光下薄摊晒干,下午放凉后密闭贮存。这种方法防种子带菌作用良好。 2.石灰水浸种 在散黑穗病(俗称“灰包”)发生严重的地方,用石灰水进行种子消毒,防病效果良好。方法是:取未经雨淋的新鲜生石灰0.5公斤,加清水50公斤,配成1％的石灰水。然后倒入选好的麦种,浸泡48小时左右,捞出用清水冲洗干净,晾干播种。浸泡时水面应高出种层8～10厘米,不能搅动,以免破坏石灰水膜,降低消毒灭菌和防病作用。
Wheat growth stage diseases, many due to the seeds caused by bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to sterilize the following before sowing. 1. Cold soak the sun in the sunny day about 6 o’clock in the morning, the wheat seeds soaked in cold water for 5 hours at noon, remove and put in the sun thinning, dried in the sun and cool airtight storage. This method to prevent seed carrying good effect. 2. lime soaked in scattered smut (commonly known as “gray package”) occurred in serious places, with lime water seed disinfection, disease prevention is good. Method is: Take without rain the fresh lime 0.5 kg, add 50 kg of water, dubbed 1% lime water. Then poured into the selected wheat, soak for 48 hours, remove and rinse with water, dry sowing. Soak the surface of the water should be higher than the seed layer 8 to 10 cm, can not agitate, so as not to damage the lime water film, reducing disinfection and sterilization and disease prevention.