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气候变暖是当今世界最大的全球性环境问题之一,哥本哈根会议之后,温室气体的减排受到国际社会的普遍关注。N2O是一种重要的温室气体,其全球增温潜势约是CO2的300倍。N2O对臭氧同温层有严重的破坏,并且它在大气中的寿命是已知温室气体中最长的。所以它对全球环境的影响是长期和潜在的。由于人类活动的影响,大气的N2O浓度持续增高。因此,关于N2O的研究备受关注,而土壤N2O气体排放一直是研究焦点。氮是土壤微生物养分来源,外源氮的输入,对主要由微生物驱动的N2O释放过程有着重要影响。文章以国内外相关研究为基础,对氮素输入土壤的方式、不同外源氮输入对土壤N2O排放的影响以及土壤N2O排放量的估算研究进行了综述,并提出了今后研究的方向和需要关注的问题。
Climate warming is one of the largest global environmental problems in the world today. After Copenhagen, greenhouse gas emission reduction has drawn the universal attention of the international community. N2O is an important greenhouse gas with a global warming potential of about 300 times that of CO2. N2O has severe damage to the ozone stratosphere, and its longevity in the atmosphere is the longest known greenhouse gas. So its impact on the global environment is long-term and potential. As a result of human activities, the atmospheric N2O concentration continues to increase. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the research on N2O, and the emission of N2O from the soil has been the focus of research. Nitrogen is the source of soil microbial nutrients and the input of exogenous nitrogen, which has an important influence on the release of N2O mainly driven by microorganisms. Based on the domestic and international researches, this paper summarized the ways of nitrogen input into soil, the effects of different input of nitrogen on soil N2O emission and the estimation of soil N2O emissions, and put forward the future research direction and the need to pay attention The problem.