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取第16～20天Wistar大鼠胎肝和出生后2天的新生大鼠肝,以及第2个月至新生儿的人胎肝组织,切半薄片和超薄片,分别用光镜和电镜进行细胞和细胞内超微结构的体视法计量。各参数的数值均经统计学处理。胎肝细胞体积逐渐递增,核体积无显著变化,核质比逐渐变小。胎肝细胞线粒体分化早,其体积密度、个数密度和表面积密度较稳定(大鼠)或渐递增(人);单个肝细胞线粒体的总体积和个数均显递增。胎肝细胞的粗面内质网(RER)发达,其相对数值明显大于成体肝细胞,鼠胎单个肝细胞RER总体积也较成体的大。胎肝细胞的滑面内质网(SER)和微体发育差,出生后发育显著。胎肝细胞溶酶体发育好,其参数的数值随胎龄逐渐递增,出生后增加尤为显著。出生前胎肝细胞的糖原含量迅速增加,出生后又骤然减少。讨论了胎肝细胞发育中诸细胞器和糖原数量变化与肝细胞功能发展的关系。
Day 16 to 20 days Wistar rat fetal liver and neonatal rat livers 2 days after birth, and fetal liver tissues from the 2nd month to neonates, cut half- and ultrathin sections using light and electron microscopy, respectively Stereological measurements of cellular and intracellular ultrastructure were performed. The values of each parameter were statistically processed. The volume of fetal liver cells gradually increased, the nuclear volume did not change significantly, and the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasm gradually decreased. The mitochondria of fetal liver cells differentiated early and their density, number density, and surface area density were relatively stable (rats) or gradually increasing (human); the total volume and number of mitochondria of individual liver cells increased significantly. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) of fetal liver cells is well developed, and its relative value is significantly larger than that of adult hepatocytes. The total volume of RER of rat hepatocytes is larger than that of adult ones. The fetal liver cells have poor development of the endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and microsomes, and are significantly developed after birth. Fetal liver cell lysosomes are well developed and their values gradually increase with gestational age, especially after birth. The glycogen content of prenatal fetal liver cells increased rapidly and suddenly decreased after birth. The relationship between the changes in the number of organelles and glycogen in fetal liver cell development and the development of hepatocyte function was discussed.