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中国传统的“礼治社会”与当前“法治社会”纠纷解决机制的逻辑和社会文化基础不同。该文以闫老汉死亡事件为例,透视不同社会背景下纠纷解决机制之间存在的张力和冲突。“私了”是依据礼俗经验传统的民间调解机制。与“私了”相对,现代社会的纠纷解决机制主要是依据现代法律精神和条文制度的以法息讼,可以称之为“公了”。同一起纠纷,“私了”与“公了”的运作逻辑以及造成的社会后果不同,究其原因,“私了”的社会文化基础是传统礼俗,而“公了”的社会文化基础是现代法律精神。更进一步看,礼俗与法律冲突的实质在于现代社会的以法息讼机制悬浮于传统礼俗社会人们的日常生活实践。
The traditional “ritual society” in China is different from the logic and socio-cultural foundation of the current dispute resolution mechanism of “ruling by law”. The article takes the death of Yan old man as an example to reveal the tensions and conflicts existing between the dispute settlement mechanisms under different social backgrounds. “Private ” is based on the traditional folk custom mediation mechanism. In contrast with “Private ”, the dispute settlement mechanism in modern society is mainly based on the legal spirit and provisions of modern legal system, which can be called “public”. The same dispute, “private” and “public” operational logic and the social consequences of different reasons, “private” social and cultural foundation is the traditional etiquette, and “public ”The social and cultural foundation is the spirit of modern law. Looking further, the crux of etiquette and law lies in the fact that the lawsuit and litigation mechanism in modern society is suspended in the daily life practice of people in traditional etiquette and community.