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影响我省水稻生产的“寒害”有多种,其中威胁最大的可以说是“秋寒”。在我省,“秋寒”出现在九、十月间。一般以日平均气温20℃以下连续三天作为“秋寒”的寒害气象指标。“秋寒”危害晚稻空壳粒增加,降低产量。其危害天气类型分两种:一种是低温阴雨,称湿冷型;一种是睛冷天气,空气干燥,多半有三、四级以上偏北风,称干冷型。前者多发生于山区;后者多见于沿海,群众称它为“干风”。如一九七四年沿海平原区受“干风”危害,一般减产一成,严重者减产二、三成。“秋寒”的出现时间是山区早于平原。高山区一般出现在九月半前后,在“自露”节气后,称“白露寒”;闽西北中低海拔的山区出现在九月下旬和十月初,在“秋分”节气前后,称“秋分寒”;南部平原多出现于十月上旬或下旬初的“寒露”节气前后,故称“寒露风”。
Affect the rice production in our province “Cold Damage ” there are many, the most threatening of which can be said is “autumn cold ”. In our province, “Autumn Cold” appeared in September and October. Generally the average daily temperature of 20 degrees Celsius for three consecutive days as the “autumn cold” meteorological indicators of cold weather. “Autumn cold ” endangered late rice shell increases, reduce production. There are two types of weather hazards: one is low temperature and rainy season, said wet and cold; one is the cold weather, dry air, mostly three or four above the northerly wind, said dry and cold. The former occurred in the mountains; the latter more common in the coast, the masses call it “dry wind.” For example, in the coastal plain area in 1974, it was harmed by the “dry wind”, and the rate of production was generally reduced by 10%. In severe cases, the reduction was 20% to 30%. “Autumn cold ” appearance time is earlier than the plain mountain. High mountains generally appear before and after September and September, after the “self-exposed” solar terms, it is called “white cold”; low mountainous areas in northwestern Fujian appear in late September and early October, Before and after the solar term, it was called “Autumn Cold”. The southern plain appeared before and after the “cold dew” in early October or early October.