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目的分析丹东市2006—2014年水痘的流行特征,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法对2006—2014年水痘病例个案资料进行统计学分析。结果 2006—2014年丹东市共报告水痘病例2 567例,年平均发病率为11.80/10万,4—6月及11月至次年1月为发病高峰期;发病主要集中在5~9岁(33.11%),≤14岁儿童占报告病例总数的70.78%;发病人群主要为学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童,分别占病例总数的55.8%、20.6%和12.2%。结论水痘每年有2个发病高峰,人群以≤14岁儿童为主,因此托幼机构和学校是水痘重点防控的场所,做好病例的隔离和重点人群水痘疫苗的接种是控制水痘疫情的最有效措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of chickenpox from 2006 to 2014 in Dandong and provide a scientific basis for the development of control strategies. Methods The case data of chickenpox in 2006-2014 were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 2 567 chickenpox cases were reported in Dandong City from 2006 to 2014, with an average annual incidence rate of 11.80 / 100 000. The peak incidence rates were from April to June and from November to January of the following year. The incidence mainly concentrated in 5-9 years (33.11%). Children ≤14 years of age accounted for 70.78% of the total number of reported cases. The majority of the patients were students, preschool children and diaspora, accounting for 55.8%, 20.6% and 12.2% of the total cases, respectively. Conclusions There are 2 peak incidences of chickenpox each year. The majority of children are children ≤14 years of age. Therefore, kindergartens and schools are the key areas for prevention and control of chickenpox. Isolation of key cases and vaccination of chickenpox vaccines in key populations are the most effective ways to control the epidemic of chickenpox Effective measures