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目的：为明确鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌、癌前期病变与癌基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ的关系，为鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌和癌前期病变的早期诊断和诊疗提供依据和方法。方法：利用分子生物学技术对４４例标本进行分子病因学研究，包括２４例鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌，１５例良性肿瘤和５例鼻腔正常组织。结果：２４例鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌ｃ－ｍｙｃ的扩增倍数为１０～４０倍，癌前期病变组ｃ－ｍｙｃ的扩增倍数为５～１０倍，良性肿瘤及鼻腔正常组织中ｃ－ｍｙｃ的扩增倍数为５倍以下。结论：ｃ－ｍｙｃ的扩增水平与鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌的发生有关，与癌前期病变转化为恶性肿瘤有关。因而，ｃ－ｍｙｃ的水平可能作为临床鼻腔鼻窦鳞癌的分子水平诊断和检测鼻腔内翻性乳头状瘤是否有恶变倾向的一种参考指标。
Objective: To provide a basis and method for the early diagnosis and diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity and precancerous lesions for clarifying the relationship between squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity, precancerous lesions and c-myc. Methods: Molecular biology techniques were used to study the molecular etiology of 44 specimens, including 24 cases of nasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma, 15 cases of benign tumor and 5 cases of normal nasal tissue. Results: The amplification of c-myc in 10 cases of nasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma was 10 to 40 times, and the amplification of c-myc in precancerous lesions was 5 to 10 times. The expansion of c-myc in benign tumor and normal nasal tissue Increase times to 5 times the following. Conclusion: The level of c-myc is related to the occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity and is related to the transformation of precancerous lesions into malignant tumors. Therefore, the level of c-myc may be used as a molecular marker for clinical diagnosis of nasal squamous cell carcinoma and a reference index for detecting the tendency of nasal inverted papilloma to malignant.