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研究表明免耕土壤表层0—5厘米内土体疏松,酸度适中,土壤有机质氮、磷、钙、硼和锌等元素富集,持水能力强。0—5厘米以下土壤紧实,酸度增加,含水量骤降,且碳、氮、磷、钙、硼和锌的含量甚至比常规耕作土壤的相应层次少。此外,免耕土壤0—21厘米内弱酸溶性铜、锰、钼、铅、钴和镍以及活性铝、铁和硅的含量均低于常规耕作土壤。免耕和常规耕作土壤肥力的分异是由于不同的土壤耕作和管理措施,导致常规耕作土壤旱耕熟化和免耕土壤人为生草化过程的结果、因地制宜地改进免耕机具,变免耕表面施肥为划土施肥,并控制其地面残体的数量,或改长期免耕为交替免耕等,将有助于提高免耕土壤常年生产力水平并发挥其综合效能。
The results showed that the surface soil 0-5 cm in no-tillage soil loose, moderate acidity, soil organic matter nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, boron and zinc enrichment, water holding ability. Soil below zero and 5 centimeters compacted, acidity increased, water content plummeted, and carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, boron and zinc content even less than that of conventional tillage soil. In addition, the contents of weak acid-soluble copper, manganese, molybdenum, lead, cobalt and nickel, and active aluminum, iron and silicon in 0-21 cm of no-tillage soil were lower than those of conventional tillage soil. The differences of soil fertility between no-till and conventional tillage are the result of different soil tillage and management measures, resulting in the results of dry-farming of conventional tillage and man-made grass-planting of no tillage, and the improvement of no tillage implement, Fertilizing for land-based fertilization and controlling the amount of ground-based residues or replacing zero-tillage with no-till in the long term will help increase the perennial productivity of no-till soil and achieve its overall efficiency.