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目前采集面积地震反射数据已是一种熟悉的常规方法。人们已普遍认识到,解决三维(3-D)构造问题,只有在勘探对象有足够的采样数据以及正确偏移这些数据而得到地下的精确图像时才有可能。然而,我们的许多勘探涉及的问题是与岩性变化或地层特性有关,而不是与构造特征有关。文中我们要说明,在地层大体上水平的地区内,确定声波不连续范围时,面积地震法是如何增加维数的。地震反射数据是在水槽内的一块平板上采集的,这块平板具有形状不规则和范围不大的声波不连续区。资料偏移后即可形成穿过声波不连续区的地震剖面,这样所得到足够数量的剖面就可确定异常的面积范围。至于地震剖面上声波特性变化的分辨力可由增大偏移孔径来改善。在野外,这种实验是在基本水平的下伏地层上以及塔状礁体上进行的。共深点(CDP)叠加剖面说明,该礁体的地震显示是地震剖面中有礁体的深度上反射波典型变环。剖面上还可看到反射系数有特征的损耗,因为剖面是根据与异常相交的面积资料绘成的。综合解释是以能够确定礁体面积范围的已偏移的面积资料为依据的。当图上有两口已知的生产井时,则可发现它们是处于反射波不连续区的范围内。此外,有一种以穿过异常的测线的共深点剖面为依据的解释,说明测线垂直平面内的异常与面积资料为依据的解释是一致的。
It is a familiar conventional method to collect area seismic reflection data. It has generally been recognized that the solution to the 3-D (3-D) construction problem is only possible if the exploration object has enough sample data and the correct offset of these data results in an accurate underground image. However, many of our exploration problems are related to lithological changes or stratigraphic characteristics, not structural features. In this paper, we show how the area seismic method increases the number of dimensions when determining the discontinuous range of sound waves in a generally stratigraphic formation. Seismic reflection data was collected on a flat plate in the tank with irregular shapes and a small range of acoustic discontinuities. After the data is offset, a seismic section through the discontinuity of acoustic waves can be formed, so that a sufficient number of sections are obtained to determine the area of anomalies. As for the seismic profile of the acoustic characteristics of the resolution can be increased by increasing the offset aperture to improve. In the wild, this experiment was carried out on essentially subterranean formations and on tower-shaped reefs. The co-deep (CDP) superimposed profile shows that the seismicity of this reef is a typical variable ring of reflections at the depth of the reef in the seismic profile. The profile also shows the characteristic loss of reflectance because the profile is based on area data that intersects the anomaly. The integrated interpretation is based on data that has been offset by the area where the area of the reef can be determined. When there are two well-known production wells on the graph, they can be found in the range of discontinuities of reflected waves. In addition, there is an interpretation based on the common-depth profile that crosses the anomalous line, indicating that the anomaly in the vertical line of the line is consistent with the interpretation of the area data.