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膨润土是以蒙脱石类矿物为主要成分的粘土,它的物理化学性质主要由其中的蒙脱石所决定。由于蒙脱石具有较强的吸附性、悬浮性、膨胀性和粘结性,因此膨润土在冶金、铸造、石油、化工、纺织和农田水利中都得到广泛的应用。 工业上通常根据吸附阳离子的不同,将天然膨润土分为两类:(1)钙基膨润土——吸附的钙离子占总盐基量50％以上;(2)钠基膨润土——吸附的钠离子占总盐基量50％以上。钠基膨
Bentonite is a clay mainly composed of montmorillonite minerals. Its physicochemical properties are mainly determined by the montmorillonite therein. Due to its strong adsorption, suspensibility, expansibility and adhesion, montmorillonite has been widely used in metallurgy, casting, petroleum, chemical, textile and farmland water conservancy. In the industry, the natural bentonites are usually divided into two categories according to the different types of the adsorbed cations: (1) calcium-based bentonite - the absorbed calcium ions account for more than 50% of the total amount of the base salts; (2) sodium bentonite - adsorbed sodium More than 50% of total salt content. Sodium-based swelling