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英语提升结构与控制结构由于在句法表现上的相似性常常被认为是同一类生成机制。然而在移位理论下分析这两类结构,可发现由于移位的动因、目的不一样。句法上,提升主语通过移位完成句子生成,移位后在原位留下语迹;控制语却没有发生移位,其被控制语就是原位存在的PRO;语义上,提升主语与提升谓词无论旨关系;控制语与控制动词之间存在论旨关系。
English ascending structure and control structure are often considered to be the same generation mechanism due to the similarities in syntactic performance. However, by analyzing these two types of structures under the theory of displacement, we can find that the purpose is different due to the motivation of the displacement. Syntactically, the ascending subject completes the sentence generation by shifting, and leaves the trace in situ after the shift; the control language does not shift, and the controlled language is the PRO that exists in situ; in the semantic sense, the ascending subject and the ascending predicate Regardless of the relationship between the control language and the control verb between the purpose of the relationship.