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目的探讨踝臂指数(ABI)在缺血性脑血管病中的早期诊断价值,为脑血管病的早期诊断及预防提供依据。方法将112例缺血性脑血管病患者根据经颅多普勒超声(TCD)结果分为颅内动脉狭窄组75例(单支狭窄者34例,双支狭窄者18例,三支狭窄者23例)和无狭窄组37例,比较以上各组的高血压、高血脂、冠心病、糖尿病病史情况及ABI异常情况,进行ABI异常的影响因素分析。结果颅内动脉狭窄组与无狭窄组的高血压及冠心病比例的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而狭窄组高血脂及糖尿病比例均明显高于无狭窄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随颅内动脉狭窄支数的增加,ABI的异常率逐渐增加,ABI平均值逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血脂、糖尿病、颅内动脉狭窄支数与ABI异常密切相关(P<0.05)。结论 ABI对颅内动脉的病变程度有预测价值,并可通过动态观察ABI的变化,对疾病的预防及治疗提供依据。
Objective To investigate the value of ankle brachial index (ABI) in the early diagnosis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and provide evidence for the early diagnosis and prevention of cerebrovascular disease. Methods According to the results of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), 112 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease were divided into 75 cases of intracranial arterial stenosis group (34 cases of single stenosis, 18 cases of double stenosis, 3 cases of stenosis 23 cases) and 37 cases without stenosis. The prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus and abnormal ABI in the above groups were compared to analyze the influencing factors of ABI abnormalities. Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of hypertension and coronary heart disease between intracranial arterial stenosis group and non-stenosis group (P> 0.05), while the proportion of hyperlipemia and diabetes in stenosis group was significantly higher than that of non-stenosis group (P <0.05). With the increase of the number of stenosis in the intracranial artery, the abnormal rate of ABI increased gradually and the average value of ABI decreased gradually. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and intracranial artery stenosis were closely related to ABI abnormalities (P <0.05). Conclusion ABI has predictive value for the degree of intracranial artery lesions, and can provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of the disease by dynamically observing the changes of ABI.