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采用大田试验,研究生物炭与氮肥配施对郑单958玉米子粒产量、不同生育时期SPAD值、叶面积指数(LAI)、光合特性及氮代谢相关酶活性的影响,明确生物炭对玉米生理生化指标与产量的效应。结果表明,不同炭氮施量处理中,正常施肥配施5 000 kg/hm~2生物炭处理表现出明显的优势,成熟期玉米叶片SPAD值和叶面积指数(LAI)分别比不施生物炭处理(对照)高46.22%和37.22%。正常施肥配施生物炭处理玉米的净光合速率(Pn)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均高于CK,且高施炭量处理明显高于低施炭量处理,有效提高了玉米叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)的活性,延缓玉米衰老。添加生物炭处理郑单958产量最高可达12 076.35 kg/hm2,比对照增产10.23%,表现为穗长、穗粒数和百粒重的增加。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the yield of maize Zhengl 958, SPAD value, leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic characteristics and the activities of enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism in different growth stages. Indicators and the effect of production. The results showed that the treatments of 5 000 kg / hm ~ 2 biochar under normal fertilization showed obvious advantages in different treatments of carbon and nitrogen, and the SPAD value and leaf area index (LAI) of mature maize leaves were higher than those without biochar The treatment (control) was 46.22% and 37.22% higher. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular carbon dioxide (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of corn treated with biochar under normal fertilization were all higher than CK, Low amount of carbon treatment, corn leaves to effectively improve the activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), delaying corn senescence. The yield of Zhengdan 958 with biochar treatment was up to 12 076.35 kg / hm2, which increased by 10.23% compared with the control, which showed the increase of spike length, number of grains per spike and increase of 100-grain weight.