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在长达50年的烃类物及其伴生水生产中无机垢(碳酸盐/硫酸盐)的防治一直是个难题。该行业利用加长回接装置在深水区域开发卫星定位油田的最新趋势,给轻烃生产中此类垢的防治提出了新的挑战。生产期间海底开发区流体温度较低,增加了硫酸盐结垢趋势,由于回接装置较长,使得目前处理这种残留时间过久的垢非常困难。为了抑制水合物的形成,常使用甲醇、单乙烯乙二醇(MEG)或三甘醇(TEG),这给无机垢增长(盐脱水)趋势和水合物抑制剂与阻垢剂性能之间的相互影响带来了新的问题。鉴于此,必须对整个油田开采寿命内盐水的化学性演变(垢的类型,过饱和变化)有充分的了解。通过对水合物抑制剂存在条件下的成垢风险进行的评价,概述了海底开发区的有效防垢措施及在甲醇/MEG水合物抑制剂应用方面开发和改进的新型防垢剂。以北海和南非现场研究为例阐明这类垢防治的困难所在,以及如何利用工程和生产化学药剂来克服这些困难。
Control of inorganic scale (carbonate / sulphate) in hydrocarbons up to 50 years and their associated water production has been a challenge. The industry’s latest trend of using extended-length docking devices to develop satellite-positioned fields in deep-water areas poses new challenges for the prevention and control of such fouling in light-hydrocarbon production. Submarine Development Zone fluid temperature during production is low, increasing the trend of sulfate scaling, due to the longer connecting device, making the current treatment of such residues for too long of the scale is very difficult. In order to suppress the formation of hydrates, methanol, monoethylene glycol (MEG) or triethylene glycol (TEG) are often used, which gives rise to the tendency of inorganic scale growth (salt dehydration) and the performance of hydrate inhibitors and scale inhibitors Mutual influence has brought new problems. In view of this, the chemical evolution of the brine over the life of the field (type of scale, over-saturation changes) must be fully understood. By evaluating the scale-forming risks in the presence of hydrate inhibitors, an overview of effective scale control measures in the subsea development zone and new scale inhibitors developed and improved for methanol / MEG hydrate inhibitor applications is outlined. A case study of the North Sea and South Africa was used as an example to illustrate the difficulties of such scale prevention and control and how to use engineering and chemical production to overcome these difficulties.