论文部分内容阅读
传统的封建商业和近代的资本主义商业具有明显的区别。传统商业资本在社会经济中是独立于生产者而存在的,进行交换的两极是独立的生产者而不是产业资本,近代商业资本则不是处于与生产者相独立的形态,而是从属于产业资本,成为产业资本再生产过程中的一个职能资本和一个组成部分。天津是一个典型的以商而兴的城市。在近代以前,天津传统商业主要从事国内的埠际贸易以及零星和频繁的城乡贸易,并作为封建的自给自足经济的补
There is a clear distinction between traditional feudal commerce and modern capitalist commerce. Traditional commercial capital exists in the social economy independently of the producer. The two poles of exchange are independent producers rather than industrial capital. Modern commercial capital is not in the form of independence from the producer, but rather belongs to the industrial capital , As a functional capital and an integral part of industrial capital reproduction. Tianjin is a typical city of business and interest. Before modern times, traditional businesses in Tianjin were mainly engaged in domestic interstate commerce as well as sporadic and frequent trade between urban and rural areas. As a complement to feudal self-sufficiency economy