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探讨了“猪-沼液-牧草”模式中兼顾生物量生产与防止土壤和地下水污染的沼液适用量。田间试验在15个、面积分别为9m2的小区上进行,试验设1个对照,1个无机肥处理和3个沼液处理;每个季节杂交狼尾草施肥生长28d后收获测定生物量与土壤养分变化。结果表明,在厦门除冬季不适合种植杂交狼尾草外,春、夏、秋季节施用沼液种植杂交狼尾草均能获得较好生长;在沼液施用量0～400L·9m~(-2)·2周-1范围内,杂交狼尾草生物量随沼液施用量增加呈上升趋势,最大沼液施用量组(400L·9m~(-2)·2周-1)杂交狼尾草生物量春夏秋冬依次为26.03、19.97、11.70、3.41kg·区-1;至全年试验结束,在上述沼液施用强度内(最大400L·9m~(-2)·2周-1),土壤TN、TP、NH+4-N呈略有下降的趋势,土壤硝态氮略有上升,一年之内未见对土壤养分含量构成显著影响。与使用化肥比较,使用沼液因N引起的环境和地下水硝酸盐污染风险小。针对单施沼液出现土壤养分含量下降问题,建议加大沼液施用量或者配施一定的无机肥。
The application of biogas production in both “pig - biogas - pasture” mode to biogas production and soil and groundwater pollution prevention was discussed. Field experiments were conducted on 15 plots of 9 m2 each. One control, one inorganic fertilizer treatment and three biogas slurry treatments were used in the experiment. After the seedlings were fertilized for 28 days, the biomass and soil were harvested Nutrient changes. The results showed that in addition to hybrid winter grass in Xiamen is not suitable for hybrid Pennisetum, the spring, summer and autumn seasons to apply biogas slurry hybrid Pennisetum can grow well; in the biogas slurry application rate of 0 ~ 400L · 9m ~ (- 2) · Within the range of 2 weeks -1, the biomass of hybrid Pennisetum increased with the increase of biogas slurry application rate. The maximum biogas slurry application rate (400L · 9m -2 · 2 weeks -1) The biomass of grass was 26.03,19.97,11.70,3.41kg · area-1 in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. After the experiment was completed in the whole year, the biomass of the biogas slurry was the highest (400L · 9m -2 · 2 weeks -1) , TN, TP, NH + 4-N in soil showed a slight downward trend, soil nitrate nitrogen increased slightly, within a year did not have a significant impact on soil nutrient content. Compared with the use of chemical fertilizers, the use of biogas slurry due to N causes less risk of nitrate contamination of the environment and groundwater. For the single application of biogas slurry soil nutrient content decreased, it is recommended to increase the amount of biogas slurry or with a certain amount of inorganic fertilizer.