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肾移植模型常用来研究肾移植的免疫排斥反应机制,随着转基因技术的日益成熟,建立肾移植模型的手术方法也越来越多样化,成功可靠的肾移植模型是进行肾移植研究的基础条件。由于大鼠的组织相容性抗原与人类的在结构、分布、功能等相似,可最大程度地模拟人体器官,因此利用大鼠建立肾移植模型也成为目前主要的研究方法。因此,本文从选择大鼠肾移植模型的优势、动静脉吻合方法的改良、尿路重建的变化以及术后并发症等几个方面对大鼠肾移植模型的建立进行综述。
The renal transplantation model is often used to study the immune rejection mechanism of renal transplantation. With the maturation of transgenic technology, the surgical methods of establishing renal transplantation model are also more and more diversified. The successful and reliable model of renal transplantation is the basic condition of renal transplantation . Since rat histocompatibility antigens are similar to human in structure, distribution, function and so on, they can simulate human organs to the greatest extent. Therefore, the establishment of renal transplantation model by rat has also become the main research method at present. Therefore, this review summarizes the establishment of a rat kidney transplant model by selecting the advantages of the rat kidney transplantation model, the improvement of arteriovenous anastomosis, the changes of urinary tract reconstruction and postoperative complications.