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近年来,国内外玉米工作者,为了选育高产的杂交种和提高选育工作的效率,提出了“理想株型”问题。由于各地条件不同,生产水平不一,玉米“理想株型”的标准也不会完全统一,但大致是:①玉米植株中等偏低;②果穗下部的叶片平展,果穗上部的叶片短而上冲;③叶片的光合作用效率最大,光合产物转运到籽粒的效率高;④雄穗分枝数少,雌、雄穗开花期协调,双穗率高;⑤叶片衰老缓慢等。
In recent years, corn workers both at home and abroad have proposed the “ideal plant type” in order to breed high-yielding hybrids and improve the efficiency of breeding. Due to different conditions and different production levels, the standard of “ideal plant type” of maize will not be completely unanimous. However, the general situation is as follows: (1) medium-low corn plants; (2) the leaves in the lower part of the ear are flat; the upper part of the ear ; ③ photosynthesis efficiency of the leaves the most efficient transport of photosynthetic products to the grain; ④ less branches of the spikes, female, tassel flowering stage coordination, high double ear; ⑤ leaf senescence and so slow.