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Background The cardiovascular risk after the first myocardial infarction(MI)declines rapidly during the first year.We analyzed whether the cardiovascular risk associated with using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)was associated with the time elapsed following first-time MI.Methods and Results We identified patients aged 30 years or older admitted with first-time MI in 19972009 and subsequent NSAID use by individual-level linkage of nationwide registries of hospitalization and drug dispensing from pharmacies in Denmark.We calculated the incidence rates of death and a composite endpoint of coronary death or nonfatal recurrent MIs associated with NSAID use in 1-year time intervals up to 5 years after inclusion and analyzed risk by using multivariable adjusted time-dependent Cox proportional-hazard models.Of the 99,187 patients included,43,608(44%)were prescribed NSAIDs after the index MI.There were 36,747 deaths and 28,693 coronary deaths or nonfatal recurrent MIs during the 5 years of follow-up.Relative to noncurrent treatment with NSAIDs,the use of any NSAID in the years following MI was persistently associated with an increased risk of death(hazard ratio(HR)1.59(95% confidence interval(CI)1.49-1.69)after 1 year and HR 1.63(CI 1.52-1.74)after 5 years)and coronary death or nonfatal recurrent MI(HR 1.30(CI 1.22-1.39)and HR 1.41(CI 1.28-1.55).Conclusions The use of NSAIDs is associated with persistently increased coronary risk regardless of time elapsed after first-time MI.We advise long-term caution in using NSAIDs for patients after MI.
Background The cardiovascular risk after the first myocardial infarction (MI) declines rapidly during the first year. We analyzed whether the cardiovascular risk associated with using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was associated with the time first elapsed time MI.Methods and Results We identified patients aged 30 years or older admitted with first-time MI in 19972009 and subsequent NSAID use by individual-level linkage of nationwide registries of hospitalization and drug dispensing from pharmacies in Denmark. We calculated the incidence rates of death and a composite endpoint of coronary death or nonfatal recurrent MIs associated with NSAID use in 1-year time intervals up to 5 years after inclusion and analysis of risk by using multivariable adjusted time-dependent Cox proportional-hazard models. Of the 99,187 patients included, 43,608 (44%) were prescribed NSAIDs after the index MI. There were 36,747 deaths and 28,693 coronary deaths or nonfatal recurrent MIs during the 5 years of follow-up. Relative to noncurrent treatment with NSAIDs, the use of any NSAID in the years following MI was persistently associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio (HR) 1.59 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49-1.69 ) after 1 year and HR 1.63 (CI 1.52-1.74) after 5 years) and coronary death or nonfatal recurrent MI (HR 1.30 (CI 1.22-1.39) and HR 1.41 (CI 1.28-1.55) .Conclusions The use of NSAIDs is associated with persistently increased coronary risk regardless of time elapsed after first-time MI. We advise long-term caution in using NSAIDs for patients after MI.