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人类活动对水文情势的影响,就其性质可分为三种:1、瞬变(或突然变化),如筑堤建闸,跨流域调水及排水系统等。这类活动时间短、范围小,但对水文情势与环境状况的改变是持久的,即一旦发生变化,就一直存在下去。2、渐变,如灌溉、都市化与工业化、采煤开矿及长期施工的工程等。这类活动对水文要素的影响是逐渐增加的。3、随机影响,即其影响效应是随机的,如土地利用、林业活动等。下面可就灌溉、排水、河川调节及土地利用等方面分别进行讨论——
Human activities on the hydrological situation, its nature can be divided into three types: 1, transient (or sudden changes), such as embankment gates, inter-basin water transfer and drainage systems. Such activities are short-lived and small in scope, but changes in the hydrological and environmental conditions are permanent, that is, once there is a change, they are always present. 2, Gradient, such as irrigation, urbanization and industrialization, mining and mining and long-term construction projects. The impact of such activities on hydrological elements is gradually increasing. 3, random impact, that is, its effects are random, such as land use, forestry activities. The following can be discussed on irrigation, drainage, river regulation and land use, respectively -