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光电振荡器的振荡频率与环路延时密切相关,同时其光学谐振腔由超长的光纤构成,因此有潜力实现大尺寸高精度的距离测量。光纤作为光电振荡器的核心元件之一,其长度不但影响振荡信号的谱纯度,还决定着距离测量的灵敏度。通过分析光电振荡器的工作原理及其进行距离测量的方法,分别得到了光纤长度与光电振荡器的谱纯度以及距离测量灵敏度之间的关系,并使用不同长度的光纤进行实验,验证了分析结果。在振荡频率的测量分辨力为1Hz时,综合考虑距离测量时对测量灵敏度、振荡信号谱纯度、测量范围的要求以及环境扰动引入的误差,光电振荡器的光纤长度应该在1km左右。
The oscillation frequency of a photoelectric oscillator is closely related to the loop delay, and its optical resonator is composed of an extremely long optical fiber, so it has the potential to measure a large-sized, high-precision distance. Optical fiber as one of the core components of the optical oscillator, the length of which not only affects the spectral purity of the oscillation signal, but also determines the sensitivity of the distance measurement. By analyzing the working principle of optical oscillator and the method of distance measurement, the relationship between the optical fiber length and the spectral purity of photoelectric oscillator and the sensitivity of distance measurement are obtained respectively. Experiments with different lengths of optical fiber are carried out to verify the analysis results . When the measurement resolution of oscillation frequency is 1Hz, the optical fiber length of photoelectric oscillator should be about 1km considering the measurement sensitivity, the spectral purity of the oscillation signal, the measurement range requirements and the error introduced by the environmental disturbance when considering the distance measurement.