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目的了解中国青少年早复极(ER)的发生率及预后。方法 2008年9月至2010年10月,对北京市部分中学高一年级和职业中学新生、大学新入学的本科生进行筛查,包括询问病史及家族史,体格检查,心电图检查,必要时做超声心动图、动态心电图。并进行随访。ER诊断标准:心电图连续2个导联以上J点抬高至少0.1 mV,呈顿挫或切迹样,ST段呈凹面向上抬高,T波高尖。心电图由2名心内科医生阅图作出诊断。结果共获得了13405人有效心电图和相关资料,年龄15～22岁,男女比例1.01∶1。包括了我国34个省市自治区和特别行政区。涵盖了汉族、满族、蒙古族、苗族、藏族、朝鲜族和侗族,以汉族为主。共发现135例ER,男性111人,女性24人。检出率为1%。发生部位以下壁导联最多见,为79人;其次是下壁合并侧壁导联为29人。ER形态主要为顿挫型和切迹型。随访12～36个月,无1例发生心脏猝死等心血管事件,仅1例有黑矇,但未发现心律失常。结论初步显示ER在中国青少年中的发生率为1%,主要发生在下壁导联,其次是侧壁导联;总体上ER是一种良性表现。
Objective To understand the incidence and prognosis of early repolarization (ER) in Chinese adolescents. Methods From September 2008 to October 2010, new undergraduates of freshmen and senior high schools in some middle schools in Beijing were enrolled for screening undergraduates, including history and family history, physical examination, electrocardiogram examination and ultrasound when necessary Cardiogram, Holter. And follow-up. ER diagnostic criteria: electrocardiogram more than 2 leads J point elevation of at least 0.1 mV, was frustrated or notch-like, ST segment concave upward elevation, T wave tip. ECG by two cardiologists read the map to make a diagnosis. Results A total of 13,405 valid ECGs and related data were obtained. The ages ranged from 15 to 22 years. The male-female ratio was 1.01: 1. Including 34 provinces, autonomous regions and special administrative regions in our country. Covering the Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Miao, Tibetan, Korean and Dong ethnic groups, dominated by the Han nationality. A total of 135 ER were found, 111 males and 24 females. The detection rate was 1%. The most common parts of the following wall lead to see, for 79 people; followed by lower wall merger side leads for 29 people. ER form mainly frustrated type and notch type. Follow-up 12 to 36 months, no case of sudden cardiac death and other cardiovascular events, only 1 case of amaurosis, but no arrhythmia was found. Conclusions Preliminary findings show that the incidence of ER in Chinese adolescents is 1%, mainly in the inferior leads, followed by the lateral leads; in general, ER is a benign manifestation.