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森林水文学属于森林生态学和陆地水文学相结合的一门新兴的边缘学科,研究森林的水分状况和运动规律,着重森林对水文现象的影响。学科的集中点是水,而主要研究范围是林地。目前世界上已出版了不少森林水文学的专著,也开过不少这个领域内的学术讨论会,有些大学已把森林水文学列为研究生的必修课程,并专门培养这方面的研究生。但是,在森林水文学领域中,还存在不少长期争论着的问题,例如森林能否增加降水,年径流是增加抑或减少,森林究竟有多大的缓洪作用,森林能否增加枯水量,森林是否会促进重力侵蚀,重力侵蚀到底有多大的控制作用等等。这些问题都概括到“森林水文作用”和“森林水量平衡”两个讲座中来谈,并力求扼要地讲述对立的观点和客观地论述有关问题,作为这个学科领域入门的基础知识。最后,列出一些可供进一步学习的教材书目和国内有代表性的论文,让对森林水文学有兴趣的读者继续研讨这门学科。
Forest hydrology belongs to a new fringe discipline that integrates forest ecology and terrestrial hydrology. It studies the water status and movement patterns of forests and focuses on the impact of forests on hydrological phenomena. The focus of discipline is water, while the main area of research is woodland. At present, many monographs on forest hydrology have been published in the world and many academic symposia have been conducted in this field. Some universities have listed forest hydrology as a required course for postgraduates and have specially trained postgraduates in this field. However, there are still many long-standing arguments in the field of forest hydrology, such as whether forests can increase precipitation, whether annual runoff is increased or decreased, how much the forest has a retarding effect, whether forests can increase the amount of dry water, and forests Whether it will promote gravity erosion, gravity erosion in the end how much control and so on. These issues are summed up in two lectures on “forest hydrology” and “forest water balance”, and strive to outline the opposite point of view and objectively discuss the issue as the basics of getting started in this subject area. Finally, a few bibliographies of textbooks and representative domestic papers are listed for further study, so that readers interested in forest hydrology can continue to study the subject.