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[目的]旨在为评估农田除草剂对非靶标水生植物的生态风险提供依据。[方法]评价了丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆对沉水植物黑藻和竹叶眼子菜的生物毒性。[结果]丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆分别从1、0.05 mg a.i./L的质量浓度开始显著降低黑藻和竹叶眼子菜的叶绿素含量。丁草胺对黑藻和竹叶眼子菜鲜质量的12dED50值分别为1.16、3.91mga.i./L,而苄嘧磺隆的分别为0.003 3、0.087 mg a.i./L。[结论]丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆均为易危害非靶标水生植物的除草剂,且苄嘧磺隆的危害潜力更大。
[Objective] The purpose of this study is to provide basis for evaluating the ecological risk of non-target aquatic plants by herbicides. [Method] The toxicity of butachlor and bensulfuron to the submerged macrophytes Hydrilla verticillata and Phyllosticta album was evaluated. [Result] Butachlor and bensulfuron - methyl significantly reduced the chlorophyll content of Hydrilla verticillata and Phyllosticta album from 1,0.05 mg a.i./L respectively. The 12dED50 values of butachlor to fresh water of Hydrilla verticillata and Phyllostachys pubescens were 1.16 and 3.91 mga.i./L, respectively, while that of bensulfuron-methyl was 0.003 3 and 0.087 mg a.i./L, respectively. [Conclusion] Both butachlor and bensulfuron - methyl are herbicides that are not harmful to non - target aquatic plants, and the potential of bensulfuron - methyl is greater.