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以平均燃烧时间和冲击韧性为指标,以正戊烷为发泡剂,聚磷酸铵(APP)和三聚氰胺(MEL)为阻燃剂,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(IR spectra)、冲击试验机及水平垂直燃烧测定仪等手段,对阻燃聚氨酯泡沫塑料的配方进行研究。结果表明最佳配方为:聚醚多元醇100份,有机锡0.1份,异氰酸酯指数为0.95,阻燃剂中的磷占总物料质量的2.0%,发泡剂为20份,温度为18℃;采用多指标法制备的阻燃PUF兼顾阻燃和冲击性能的需要,其达到B1难燃材料的标准,冲击强度为2.24 kJ/m2。
Using average burning time and impact toughness as indexes, n-pentane was used as foaming agent and APP and melamine as flame retardants. The morphology, Impact testing machine and the level of vertical combustion analyzer and other means, on the flame retardant polyurethane foam formulations. The results showed that the optimum formulation was: 100 parts of polyether polyol, 0.1 parts of organotin, 0.95 of isocyanate index, 2.0% of the total mass of the flame retardant, 20 parts of the foaming agent and the temperature of 18 ℃. The flame retardant PUF prepared by the multi-index method has the requirements of both flame retardancy and impact performance, meeting the standard of B1 flame-retardant material with an impact strength of 2.24 kJ / m2.