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目的了解四川省石棉县手足口病流行特征及病原体分布情况,为制定防制措施提供科学诊据。方法对石棉县2010-2014年报告的手足口病进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2010-2014年共报告发病619例,报告重症病例1例,无死亡病例发生,年平均报告发病率99.50/10万,以2014年发病最高;发病呈现双峰型,每年4-7月出现第1个高峰,10-12月出现第2个高峰,多发生于5岁以下儿童,占发病总数的93.86%,男性多于女性,散居儿童为发病首位,占发病总数的82.23%;病原体以EV71型和COXA16型为主要流行毒株,不同血清型间无交叉免疫。结论石棉县手足口病的发病存在明显的地区、季节、性别及年龄差异,需加强散居儿童、托幼儿童监管人员防控知识宣传,同时加大疫情监测、指导、督查力度,及时处置散发病例和聚集性病例,有效控制聚集性疫情和突发公共卫生事件的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and pathogens distribution of HFMD in Shimian County of Sichuan Province and provide scientific evidence for the development of control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of HFMD reported in 2010-2014 in Shimian County was carried out. Results A total of 619 cases were reported from 2010 to 2014. One case of severe cases was reported. No deaths occurred. The average annual incidence was 99.50 / 100,000, with the highest incidence in 2014. The incidence was bimodal and appeared from April to July each year The first peak, the second peak from October to December, occurred in children under 5 years of age, accounting for 93.86% of the total incidence, more men than women, scattered children first place, accounting for 82.23% of the total number of pathogens; pathogens EV71 and COXA16 type as the main epidemic strains, there is no cross-immunity between different serotypes. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Shimian County is obviously different according to region, season, gender and age. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity on prevention and control of diasporic and child care supervisors, and at the same time increase the monitoring, guidance and supervision of epidemic situation, Cases and clusters of cases, effectively control the occurrence of epidemic and public health emergencies.