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[目的]分析喷施稀土LaCl_3对绿萝叶片叶绿素含量和质膜透性的影响,进而确定绿萝喷施LaCl_3的适宜剂量。[方法]以室内观赏植物绿萝作为受试对象,对南通市新城区20个居民小区共110家住户,进行入户调查与检测空气中甲醛污染状况;采用熏蒸法考察LaCl_3对甲醛胁迫下室内观赏植物绿萝降醛能力的影响,并研究其甲醛抗性的生理生化机制。[结果]研究结果表明,南通市新城区居室空气甲醛污染较为严重,污染程度与装修后时间长短有关;绿萝喷施LaCl_3的适宜浓度为20mg/L;在喷施适宜浓度LaCl_3之后,室内观赏植物绿萝单位叶面积吸收甲醛能力有所增强,提升幅度为19.75%;甲醛胁迫下,绿萝叶绿素含量降低了39.87%,质膜透性和MDA累积量分别增加了8.17%、56.92%,POD活性升高了11.32%;经LaCl_3预处理后,较甲醛胁迫组,绿萝叶绿素含量降幅与质膜透性、MDA浓度增幅均变小,而POD活性增幅变大。[结论]该研究为稀土应用拓展及室内空气污染防治对策提供了新的思考方向。
[Objective] The research aimed to analyze the effects of LaCl_3 sprayed on chlorophyll content and plasma membrane permeability of green leaf, and then to determine the appropriate dosage of LaCl_3 for green leaf. [Method] With indoor ornamental plant Emerald as the tested object, a total of 110 households in 20 residential quarters of Nantong New District were surveyed and the status of formaldehyde pollution in the air was investigated. The effect of LaCl_3 on indoor ornamental under formaldehyde stress was investigated by fumigation method. Plant green radiant ability to reduce the aldehyde, and to study the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of formaldehyde resistance. [Result] The results showed that the formaldehyde pollution of indoor air was more serious in Nantong City, and the pollution degree was related to the length of time after decoration. The suitable concentration of LaCl_3 was 20 mg / L when sprayed with LaCl_3. After indoor application of LaCl_3, Under the formaldehyde stress, the content of chlorophyll decreased by 39.87%, the plasma membrane permeability and MDA accumulation increased by 8.17% and 56.92%, respectively, and the activity of POD increased 11.32%. After LaCl_3 pretreatment, the decrease of chlorophyll content, the permeability of plasma membrane and the increase of MDA content in the leaves of the two cultivars decreased with the increase of POD activity. [Conclusion] This study provided a new way of thinking for the expansion of rare earth application and the countermeasures for prevention and control of indoor air pollution.