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1概述在辐射防护和核事故应急中,我们面临的问题就是用什么样的量进行测量和评估更为合理。通常把这样的量分为防护量和实用量两大类。这两类量随着人们对事物认识的深入和科学技术的发展,都发生了演变。国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)最先定义的辐射防护量是剂量当量,后来演变成有效剂量当量,从ICRP 60号出版物发表以来,有效剂量就成为了关键的辐射防护量。除了有效剂量外,通常将器官或组织的当量剂量也归属于辐射防护评价量。辐射防
1 Overview The problem we face in radiation protection and nuclear accident emergency response is that it is more reasonable to use what amount to measure and evaluate. This amount is usually divided into protective and practical amount of two categories. Both types have evolved with the deepening of people’s understanding of things and the development of science and technology. The first definition of radiation protection by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is the dose equivalent, which later evolved into an effective dose equivalent, which has been a key radiation protection level since the publication of ICRP Publication 60. In addition to the effective dose, the equivalent dose of the organ or tissue is usually attributed to the radiation protection rating. Radiation prevention