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目的研制接近临床状态的间接视神经损伤动物模型。方法选日本大耳白兔，全麻后手术显露两侧眶上缘切迹和眶壁，咬除眶壁（深７～８ｍｍ，宽６ｍｍ），头放在致伤管下，将自制致伤卡头置于视神经孔上方眶板上，致伤球（４５ｇ）从致伤管上端自由落下（管长２ｍ），击于致伤卡头，经骨板将力传递至视神经孔致伤神经，一侧不打击作对照。致伤后瞳孔散大固定，直接光反射消失为致伤成功。结果视神经损伤发生率７６．７％，合并视神经孔骨折８０％，神经鞘膜出血５３％，鞘膜下血肿２６．７％，视神经断裂１０％。结论本模型制作方法简单易行，成功率高，骨折及鞘膜下血肿发生率与临床视神经损伤时合并情况接近，有明确的神经损伤的临床特征，是目前最接近临床损伤特征的间接视神经损伤动物模型。
Objective To develop an animal model of indirect optic nerve injury close to clinical status. Methods The Japanese white rabbits were selected. After general anesthesia, the orbital margin and the orbital margin on both sides were revealed. The orbital wall was bite (depth 7-8 mm, width 6mm) The card head is placed on the orbital plate above the optic nerve hole. The injured ball (45g) falls freely from the upper end of the injured tube (tube length 2m), hits the injury card head, and transmits the force to the optic nerve hole to injure the nerve via the bone plate. One side does not fight for control. Dilated miliary fixed after injury, the direct light reflex disappears as a successful injury. Results The incidence of optic nerve injury was 76.7%, with 80% optic neurofacial fracture, 53% neurosurgical hemorrhage, 26.7% subdural hematoma and 10% optic nerve fracture. Conclusion The method of this model is simple and easy to operate with high success rate. The incidence of fracture and subclinical hematoma is close to that of clinical optic nerve injury. The clinical features of definite nerve injury are the most obvious characteristics of indirect injury of the optic nerve Animal model