论文部分内容阅读
目的分析我国“农村义务教育阶段学生营养改善计划”(以下简称“农村学生营养改善计划”)地区学生呼吸和消化系统疾病的发生情况,为我国农村学生营养改善及相关政策的制定和实施提供基础数据。方法选取实施“农村学生营养改善计划”的50个重点监测县,每县按照学校食堂供餐、企业(单位)供餐和混合供餐等3种供餐模式,每种模式各随机抽取2所小学和2所初中学校,从小学三年级以上及初中每个年级各随机抽取1~2个班,达到每个年级40人左右,男女基本各半,共29 317名学生。采用“学生调查表”收集学生基本信息和常见病发生情况。结果过去1 a发生过常见消化系统疾病的学生占65.3%,初中生(71.2%)高于小学生(60.9%)(χ~2=582.98,P<0.01),食堂供餐学生(67.1%)和企业供餐学生(66.3%)高于混合供餐学生(58.3%)(χ~2=138.91,P<0.01)。过去1 a发生过常见呼吸系统疾病的学生占79.9%,女生(80.7%)高于男生(78.9%),初中生(85.6%)高于小学生(75.5%),食堂供餐学生(81.6%)和企业供餐学生(79.1%)高于混合供餐学生(76.0%)(χ~2值分别为22.31,823.43,60.41,P值均<0.01)。结论 “学生营养改善计划”地区学生常见消化系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病的发生频率较高,小学生及混合供餐学校学生情况相对较好。
Objective To analyze the occurrence of respiratory and digestive diseases among students in rural areas during the period of compulsory education in rural areas (referred to as “Rural Students’ Nutrition Improvement Program”), and to provide suggestions for improving the nutrition of rural students in China and related policies And provide basic data for implementation. Methods Fifty key monitoring counties were selected to implement “Rural Student Nutrition Improvement Program”. Each county selected three kinds of feeding modes according to school canteen feeding, enterprise (unit) feeding and mixed feeding. Each mode was randomly selected 2 primary schools and 2 junior high schools, each randomly selecting 1 to 2 classes from the third grade of primary school and each grade of junior high school, reaching about 40 in each grade. Use “Student Questionnaire ” to collect basic information of students and the occurrence of common diseases. Results 65.3% of students had common digestive diseases in the past 1 years, 71.2% of junior high school students (60.9%) were higher than those of primary school students (χ ~ 2 = 582.98, P <0.01), 67.1% Corporate feeding students (66.3%) were higher than mixed feeding students (58.3%) (χ ~ 2 = 138.91, P <0.01). 79.9% of students (80.7%) had common respiratory diseases in the past 1 year, 78.9% girls (78.6%), 75.6% junior high school students (81.5%), (79.1%) were higher than those in mixed feeding students (76.0%) (χ ~ 2 = 22.31, 823.43 and 60.41 respectively, P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS The frequent occurrence of digestive and respiratory diseases among students in the “Student Nutrition Improvement Program” is relatively high. Students in primary school and mixed feeding schools are relatively well-off.