西方“艺术”概念的沿化与发展

• 作 者: 泓峻
• 机 构: 洛阳师专中文系!471022
• 出 处: 洛阳师专学报
• 发表日期: 1999年06期
• 关键词: 艺术概念 沿化 艺术实践 非功利性 艺术理论 传统回归 艺术体系 古典主义美学 当代艺术创作 现代艺术

“艺术”这一概念的内涵与外延在西方经历了一个复杂的变化过程。在古代希腊，它宽泛地指涉深入到存在之中的所有认识活动，与之对立的是物质性的实践活动。在此基础上，形成了中世纪自由艺术与机械艺术的对立。18世纪以后，艺术的感性特征、精神性特征、非功利性特征、创造性特征得到了确认，从而形成了现代的艺术概念。然而，在20世纪，随着艺术实践的发展，18～19世纪形成的艺术概念受到冲击，由封闭而重新开放，并表现出向传统回归的趋势。

The connotation and denotation of the concept of “art” have undergone a complex process of change in the West. In ancient Greece, it refers broadly to all cognitive activities that penetrate into existence, in contrast to material practices. On this basis, the formation of the medieval free art and mechanical art of the opposition. After the 18th century, the perceptual features, spiritual features, non-utilitarian features and creative features of art were confirmed, thus forming the modern concept of art. However, in the 20th century, with the development of artistic practice, the artistic concepts formed in the 18th and 19th centuries were impacted, closed and reopened, and the trend of return to tradition was shown.